Wednesday, 2 March 2022

An Elton cover

The following cover was actually addressed to W H Elton's son. It was overpaid by 4c, 2c being the local rate. These philatelic covers were sold to collectors to raise money for building St Michael's Church at Sandakan.


 This was personally written by W H Elton in one of the colonial reports sent back to Britain:

I left home in 1888 my commission was to go as pioneer chaplain to the Officers of the British North Borneo Ser rice, and other Europeans in the State and to do what Mission work was possible besides among the Natives of the country.

On my arrival 1 made Sandakan, the capital, the head quarters of the Mission and made up my mind to occupy in the first instance, the three chief seaport towns viz. Sandakan, Kudat, and Labuan. The first year was spent in building a Vicarage, a temporary School- Church in Sandakan, in visiting the other stations on the Coast and in travelling up all the rivers to see the Planters and christen their children. At the close of the first year Mr. Richards arrived from home. He was the first Missionary to follow me to North Borneo.

By this time there was a considerable number of Chinese Christians in the Territory most of whom were located at Kudat, and it was arranged for Mr. Richards to take up work among these Chinese, and with this view he went to China for eight months to study the language. During his absence I went to Kudat and built a School-Church and two rooms of a Vicarage having promised him to have them ready for him on his return. It is interesting to note that it was the officers and men of the Navy who started these buildings in Kudat with a donation of $100.

While the buildings at Kudat were in course of erection the pretty little Church at Labuan, which had been built during Bishop McDougall's episcopate was burnt down in a jungle fire. As soon as I heard, of it I went to Labuan and built a School- Church in which the services have since been held.

During the year 1892 another worker arrived, Mr. Patrick, who was appointed, English Master of the Sandakan Boys' School, which by that time numbered fifty scholars of various nationalities, twenty-five of whom were boarders and formed the surpliced choir in Sandakan Church.

On the 29th September, 1893, an important step was taken in the laying of the foundation stone of the permanent Church in Sandakan by Governor Creagh, Five years had been spent in cutting down an immense hill at the back of the Vicarage, in order to obtain sufficient area for the Church. During those five years the late, Rev. Brynne Belcher had been collecting funds in England for a permanent Church in Sandakan and had remitted £50 a year for the purpose. I was about to begin a brick church when we discovered excellent stone within two miles of Sandakan, so we at once opened a quarry and determined to build in stone. Having obtained plans of a Gothic Church from a first-rate architect I began to instruct the Chinese in the art of building and by Easter Day 1898, just ten years after my arrival in the country, the Chancel, Vestries and Organ Chamber were completed at a cost of $16,822. It is interesting to note that this is the first stone building in Borneo, After ten years of incessant work without a change my health began to suffer, so after the consecration of the Chancel, I suspended building operations and went to England for a cooling. While I was at home I collected some money for the Nave and Transepts of the Church and these have now been in course of erection for four years and are about half finished.

Since my return from home ice have also been collecting money for a permanent Girls School and, thanks to the exert ions of Mrs. Birch, the handsome new building will be opened free of debt in about a month. So we now have three Boys' Schools and one Girls' School. All the education of the country is being carried on by the Church of England and the Church of Rome, the Chartered Company having not, as yet, opened any Schools.

The money for all these buildings viz. four in Sandakan, four in Kudat and one in Labuan has been raised by voluntary subscriptions amounting in all to $40,000.

Thursday, 13 January 2022

The journey of a 1904 North Borneo postal card from Kudat to Java

 

This beautiful postal card has a multitude of post marks which yields very interesting information about its journey from Kudat to Java. It is uncommon in the the sense that it was properly and commercially used. It was correspondence between two Dutch planters in their respective localities.



I would be very grateful if someone out there can translate this long message in Dutch at the back which was written on 17 Dec 1904 at the Ranau Estate near Kudat. It was sent to Bezoeki on the east side of Java. The 26,000 acre Ranau Estate of the New London Borneo Tobacco Company Ltd grew mostly tobacco even though rubber was gradually being introduced. On the other hand, the area around Bezoeki was more suited to sugar cane even though the tobacco grown in Bezoeki was the best in Java2. The series of cancellations present tells a very good story of its journey and the processes involved.

 

This 6c card had the 1 January 1891 rate for postcards from UPU countries in transit through Singapore even the prevailing rate for a postcard was changed to 3c from 1 September 18953. It was posted in Kudat and has the cancellation date of 19 DEC 1904. It reached Labuan the next day. On the card  there are arrival and dispatch cds of 20 DEC 04 and 22 DEC 04 from Labuan respectively. The ship that was bound for Singapore around those dates was the S.S. Kedah of the Norddeutscher LLoyd Bremen Company4. It arrived on the 13th Dec and then started its journey back from Lahat Dato probably on the 17th December. It would have called at the ports of  Sandakan and Kudat before Labuan. It was quite possible that the Kedah received this card at Kudat  and then bypassed Jesselton taking only one day to reach Labuan depending on the shipping schedule.

It took 5 days to reach Singapore on DE 27 04 and was efficiently received by the Netherlands Indies Postal Agency in Singapore on the same day as seen by the square circle cancellation on the lower right side . The card was then carried by the KPM shipping line in stages to its final destination eventually. The Koninklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij or Royal Packet Navigation Company, 1888-1967, was set up to maintain the connection between the islands of Indonesia with the outside world. Postal agencies were set up in Singapore and Penang in 1851 to aid this process and they continued in service until around 19205. By maintaining an inter island service, KPM supported the unification of the Dutch Indies economy and brought commerce through Batavia (Jakarta) instead of Singapore

Probably the mail for remote areas in Java were initially processed at Weltevreden as seen by the corresponding square circle cancel dated 30 12 1904 three days later. This  was a suburb of Batavia favoured by the Europeans. From here it was carried by KPM to Sitoebondo or Situbondo as it is now known, over 1,000km away on the eastern side of Java.  It took another three days to arrive on 2 1 1905 as seen on the square circle postmark. The well known area of Surabaya is 226km to the west.  The final destination of Bezoeki or Besuki nowadays is 70km to the west of Situbondo. The carriage at this stage would have been either by land or native boat. The overpaid rate of 6c was really a bargain considering the complicated journey that was undertaken to deliver the card.

1 Military report on the Netherlands' possessions in the East Indies.  2 The Postal History of British Borneo by Edward Proud. 3The British North Borneo Herald  Jan 3 1905. 4Maritime marks of Indonesia by Geoff Ellerton, TPO and Seapost Society.

I can not find an image of the SS Kedah and the one on the internet is actually a later ship built in Britain and was one of the Straits steamships based at Singapore and is depicted on of the country's stamps. This one here belonging to NDL of Bremen is a similar ship and tonnage. It started its run between Singapore and Sandakan in 1900 and also stopping by Kudat, Jesselton and Labuan in between. Its sister ship was the SS Tringannu on this particular route. Later on, it also went on to Lahad Dato and Tawau after the main port of call of Sandakan. Occasionally, it would venture as far afield as Jolo in the southern Philippines. NDL sold the Kedah in the second half of 1905. And the Tringannu was also put aside. The NDL ships that replaced them were the SS Darvel and SS Marudu. The involvement of Norddeutscher Lloyd line in the Far East was abruptly cut with the advent of WWl. This ended an era of Germanic merchant navy efficiency and supremacy much to the loss of local Europeans as their on-ship hospitality was apparently legendary.